ISO and Gain



- The Camera - "ISO & Gain"

What is ISO? It is a setting on a camera that allows you to change an image to brighten or darken.


What is the visual difference between low and high ISO? Low ISO photos will result in less grainy (noise) photos, whilst higher ISO will result in more grainy photos. Higher ISO, however, can also add more brightness to the photo.


When do you use a lower ISO? When do you use a higher ISO? Lower ISO may be used in a setting that is already bright, whilst higher ISO may be used if there isn't another way to increase the brightness (such as when using high shutter speed). This allows for less motion blur to appear on images when trying to take a picture of a fast-moving subject.

High V. Low ISO Internet Examples


Room Experimentation


The darker room image looks a lot more grainy with noise, while the lighter room image looks a lot more clear.

What is gain? It boosts video signal on a camera, allowing for more brightness by "fooling the camera" into thinking it has enough light.

When do you need to add or not add gain? Gain can be used to change brightness "on the fly" during the middle of a recording when ISO can't be changed. Gain should be used during recording when the setting getting gets too bright (lower gain) or too dark (add gain). The higher the gain, however, the more that the video suffers from video noise. One way gain can be used is during live stage performances, when lighting changes throughout.

Experimentation


As the db went up on the camcorder, the amount of noise shown on the video also went up, making the video less clear. The change in exposure for the camera shown in the studio is a lot more noticeable, as the room turned brighter and brighter.

100
200

400

800

1600

3200

When I compared the image with 100 ISO to the 3200 ISO, there was a noticeable difference in the amount of noise when zoomed in on the walls. On the 3200 photo, there is lots of noise that made the photo unclear, whilst on 100 ISO, the walls had little to no noise.

 

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