TV Production 21-22

  - The Camera - "Progressive vs. Interlaced Scan" What is progressive and interlaced scan?   A progressive scan draws a sequential line that fills a single video frame. It ensures that each frame is filled with a complete image. Interlaced scan, in contrast, displays every other line of an image rather than the whole thing.  Why does it matter?   Interlaced scanning saves bandwidth by cutting down half of a full image. This allowed for older TVs to refresh at a better pace, allowing for smoother transmissions. Interlaced, however, can also cause artifacts which reduce the quality when there is movement on screen compared to progressive scanning. One example of scans being used is during sports broadcasts, in which 720p is used rather than 1080i in order to have better movement in the images. Why should we know the difference?   When figuring out progressive vs. interlaced, it is important to notice the difference in the image between the two. Progressive scanning results in

  - The Camera - "Focal Length and Frame Rate" What is Focal Length?   It is a measurement of mm that determines that distance between the center of a lens, along with its focus point. What is the visual difference between a low mm lens and a high mm lens?   Low focal length attains a shorter distance of view, along with a wider field of view. High focal length, on the other hand, attains a longer distance of view, along with a narrow field of view. When do you use a lower/higher focal length?   It is usually determined based on distance from the subject. Higher focal length can be used for subjects that are far away, whilst low focal length can be used for subjects nearby. Lower focal length may also be preferred if you'd like to capture a wide field of view that is close to you, whilst higher focal length can be used to bring more attention to something distant by zooming in.  What is fps?   It stands for frames per second and is used to determine how fast pictures are